Other: Listening to music, watching sport and reading.
Positions last held in government
Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of South Africa 1994 -2008).
Member of Parliament of the Republic of South Africa (1994 - 2008).
Academic Qualifications
Matriculated from Central Indian High School, Johannesburg, South Africa (1959).
Bachelor of Arts degree majoring in Sociology and Afrikaans, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (1963).
Diploma in International Relations, University College of London (1966).
Masters of Arts degree in International Relations, University of Sussex, England (1968).
Career/Positions/Memberships/Other Activities
Was given a banning order which restricted his movements and prevented him from attending public gatherings or any work place. During this time he was detained for short periods of time, often for violating his banning order (1963).
Left South Africa after the Rivonia trial. Lived mostly in London, and also spent time in Angola and Zambia.
Full-time work for the African National Congress (ANC). His primary responsibility was to develop the anti-apartheid Movement in the United Kingdom and Europe (1966).
Member of the ANC's Revolutionary Council and the Political Military Committee.
Member of the ANC Negotiating team that secretely met representatives of the Apartheid regime and also with leading members of the Afrikaner community.
Member of the Organising Committee that organised public meetings in Dakar, France and Germany between the ANC and representative groupings from South Africa.
Member of the National Executive Committee (NEC) of the African National Congress (ANC) since 1985.
Returned to South Africa from exile (1990).
Deputy Head of the ANC Department of International Affairs (1991).
Member of the National Peace Executive Committee (1991 - 1992).
Member of the Transitional Executive Councils (Sub-Council) on Foreign Affairs (1994).
Member of the National Executive Committee (NEC) of the African National Congress (ANC) (1985 - 2007).
