Premier of the Northern Cape Province (1994 - 1999).
Member of the National Executive Committee (NEC) of the ANC.
Provincial Chairperson of the ANC (1992).
Academic Qualifications
Matriculated at St Boniface High School (1978 - 1979).
Bachelor of Arts Degree in Personnel Management from the University of Fort Hare (1984).
Wharton Emerging Economic Leadership Programme form the University of Pennsylvania (1996).
Career/Memberships/Positions/Other Activities
Worked at De Beers, Finsch Mine as fitter and helper, later dismissed for leading a workers' strike (1980).
Employed by Barlows Caterpillars as a cleaner (1980).
Joined underground structures of the ANC in the Eastern Cape (1982).
Executive Member of the Azanian Students' Organisation (AZASO) in Fort Hare (1982 - 1984).
Detained several times by the then Ciskei Police and Security Branch in the Eastern Cape.
Executive Member of the Galeshewe Youth Organisation (GAYO), (1982 - 1984).
Regional Executive Member of the Northern Cape Uited Democratic Front (UDF).
Regional Organiser for National Union of Mineworkers (NUM), (1985 - 1987).
Detained for a lenghthy period during the State of Emergency (1986).
Detained and charged with terrorism, subversion, promoting and furthering the aims of a banned organisation. Sentenced in the Warrenton Magistrate Court for an effective 5 years in prison. Spent time at the Diepkloof Prison (Sun City) and Pollsmoor Prison (1987 - June 1990).
National Education Co-ordinator of NUM (1990).
ANC Regional Secretary of the Northern Cape (1991).
Co-ordinator of the Electoral Committee ANC (Northern Cape Province), (1993 - 1994).
Travelled to Canada to get an insight of how Premiers operate (1994).
Member of the Central Committee of the South African Communist Party (SACP).
